{"id":37343,"date":"2022-04-02T05:41:14","date_gmt":"2022-04-02T05:41:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/?p=37343"},"modified":"2022-04-20T01:49:00","modified_gmt":"2022-04-20T01:49:00","slug":"panorama-of-ncm811-high-nickel-ternary-cathode-material-industry-chain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/es\/panorama-of-ncm811-high-nickel-ternary-cathode-material-industry-chain\/","title":{"rendered":"Panorama de la cadena industrial del material cat\u00f3dico ternario de alto contenido en n\u00edquel NCM811"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Panorama of NCM811 high nickel ternary cathode material industry chain<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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  1. Upstream raw materials<\/a>
    1. Lithium source<\/a><\/li>
    2. Precursor<\/a><\/li>
    3. Additive<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li>
    4. Midstream production<\/a>
      1. Material production<\/a><\/li>
      2. Material modification<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li>
      3. Downstream application<\/a><\/li>
      4. New energy vehicles<\/a><\/li>
      5. Consumer electronics<\/a><\/li>
      6. Energy storage field<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>

        As the demand for power batteries continues to increase, there are also new requirements for the energy density of batteries. The development direction of ternary materials has gradually changed to high nickel and low diamonds.<\/p>

        While improving energy density and reducing cost, high-nickel ternary materials have gradually become an important direction of lithium-ion battery research.<\/p>

        \"High-nickel<\/p>

        Upstream raw materials<\/h2>

        Lithium source<\/h4>

        Ordinary ternary cathode materials tend to use lithium carbonate as the lithium source, while NCM811 high-nickel ternary cathode materials are more suitable for using lithium hydroxide.<\/p>

        Reason\uff1a<\/strong>
        \u2460High nickel ternary material requires that the sintering temperature should not be too high, otherwise the rate performance will be affected. NCM811 needs to control the sintering temperature at least below 800\u2103.<\/p>

        \u2461The melting point of lithium carbonate is 720 \u00b0C, while the melting point of lithium hydroxide monohydrate is only 471 \u00b0C. During the sintering process, the molten lithium hydroxide can be more uniformly and fully mixed with the ternary precursor, thereby reducing the residual lithium on the surface. Improve the discharge specific capacity of the material.<\/p>

        \u2462 The use of lithium hydroxide and lower sintering temperature can also reduce cation mixing and improve cycle stability.<\/p>

        Lithium hydroxide is mainly divided into two routes according to the different raw materials used:<\/p>

        1. Preparation of lithium hydroxide from spodumene<\/strong><\/p>

        2. Preparation of lithium hydroxide from salt lake<\/strong><\/p>

        \"Preparation<\/p>

        \"Preparation<\/p>

        Top 5 lithium mining companies in China<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>

        Precursor<\/h4>

        Ternary precursors are mixed and sintered with lithium sources to make ternary positive electrodes, and their technology accounts for more than 50% of the technical content of ternary materials. The development of high-nickel ternary materials is inseparable from the promotion of high-nickel ternary precursors.<\/p>

        The preparation methods of high nickel ternary precursors mainly include:
        Solid-phase synthesis method, chemical co-precipitation method, sol-gel method. Among them, chemical co-precipitation method has high product quality and simple equipment, and is the most commonly used method for preparing nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide.<\/p>

        The chemical co-precipitation method is to prepare the precursor by preparing the metal salts of nickel, cobalt and manganese into a solution according to the ratio, and adding a complexing agent and a precipitating agent to uniformly precipitate the transition metal elements. The function of the complexing agent is to ensure that different transition metal ions can be precipitated at the same time and prevent uneven distribution of elements in the precursor.<\/p>

        The size and morphology of the precursors can be controlled by changing the reaction temperature, time, pH, and stirring rate. For the ternary cathode, in the process of preparing the precursor, the higher the nickel content of the precursor, the higher the required pH value, and the higher the required ammonia concentration. Finally, a spherical hydroxide precipitate with uniform composition was obtained, that is, the precursor of NCM811.<\/p>

        The reaction equation is as follows\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>

        M+ nNH3 \u2192 [M (NH3)n]2+
        [M (NH3)n]2+ +2OH- \u2192 M(OH)2 + nNH3<\/p>

        M stands for Ni, Co, Mn metal elements.<\/p>

        \"Preparation<\/p>

        Top 5 high nickel ternary precursor companies in China<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>

        Additive<\/h4>

        The additives added during lithiation and mixing of high-nickel ternary cathodes are of small mass (almost negligible) relative to the lithium source and precursor, but have a large marginal impact on performance.<\/p>

        Common additive materials are aluminum, titanium, magnesium, zirconium, etc. During calcination, the additive will be mixed with the ternary cathode at the atomic level at high temperature and embedded in the lattice of the ternary cathode to improve the performance of the material.<\/p>

        The types and quantities of additives vary according to the application field of the material and customer needs. For example, when Mg2+ is added to the ternary cathode, although the specific capacity of the first cycle is reduced, the cycle performance of the material is greatly improved. The incorporation of Al3+ can improve the rate capability of the material, and the incorporation of Ti4+ increases the electronic conductivity of the material.<\/p>

        Due to the low content of diamond in the NCM811 high nickel ternary material, the cycle performance and rate performance are worse than those of ordinary ternary cathodes, and the use of diamond additives is more frequent. At present, almost all mainstream high-nickel ternary material manufacturers use additives in the production process.<\/p>

        Midstream production<\/h2>

        Material production<\/h4>

        The production process of NCM811 high-nickel ternary cathode material mainly includes the following processes: lithiation mixing, pot filling, calcination, pulverization, classification, impurity removal, packaging, etc. The difference from ordinary ternary materials is mainly due to high raw material requirements and more complex processes , The preparation is difficult, so its cost is relatively high.<\/p>

        Lithium, mixed<\/strong>
        The main raw materials of ternary cathode materials are precursors and lithium sources, and the mixing methods are mainly divided into wet mixing and dry mixing. Dry mixing is commonly used in industry. The lithium source used in the high nickel material is battery grade lithium hydroxide monohydrate. In the mixing process, high nickel ternary materials require more uniform mixing and stricter control of humidity.<\/p>

        Bowl<\/strong>
        Since the high-nickel ternary cathode requires the lithium source to be well dispersed in the precursor, in order to prevent the material from spontaneous agglomeration during the sintering process, each pot should not be charged too much, and the charging amount is only 1\/6 of the ordinary ternary material.<\/p>

        Calcined<\/strong>
        The calcination process is the most core process in high-nickel ternary materials, which usually requires pre-sintering and multiple sintering. In general, the higher the nickel content, the lower the sintering temperature. The actual sintering temperature of high-nickel ternary materials is between 750 and 800 \u00b0C. During the sintering process, pure oxygen is needed to assist. The sintering is repeated several times under oxygen-enriched conditions. Therefore, its cost is much higher than that of ordinary ternary materials.<\/p>

        Crushing, grading<\/strong>
        High-nickel ternary materials need to be crushed to the micron level after calcination, and usually need to go through tertiary crushing. At present, the commonly used crushing system in the industry is jaw crushing, roller crushing and airflow crushing, and the particle size obtained is 1~20\u03bcm. After grading and sieving, the industry generally selects D50=10\u03bcm grade particles as semi-finished particles.<\/p>

        Cleaning and packaging<\/strong>
        The semi-finished products of high-nickel ternary material after particle classification need to be removed to remove metal impurities introduced in the process. Generally, iron is the main component. In industry, magnetic separation is usually used to remove iron. The particles after removal of impurities are vacuum-packed to form the final product of positive electrode material particles.<\/p>

        \"The<\/p>

        Material modification<\/h4>

        Although the energy density of high-nickel ternary materials has been significantly improved compared with other materials, with the increase of nickel content, serious capacity attenuation and layered structure damage will occur during the charging and discharging process. For these defects, The researchers proposed methods such as ion doping, surface coating, and single crystallization to modify it.<\/p>

        Ion doping<\/strong>
        Doping some non-metal ions and metal ions in the lattice of NCM811 ternary material can not only improve the output power density, electronic conductivity and ionic conductivity of the battery, but also improve the structural stability of the ternary material, especially its The thermal stability can be significantly improved. The elements commonly used for doping are Mg, Al, Ti, F, Zr, Gr, etc.<\/p>

        Surface coating<\/strong>
        Surface coating modification of NCM811 electrode material is a way to improve its electrochemical and mechanical properties.<\/p>

        The surface of the ternary material NCM811 is modified by metal oxides, so that the material and the electrolyte are mechanically separated, the side reactions between the electrode material and the electrolyte are reduced, the dissolution of metal ions is suppressed, and the material rate and cycle performance are optimized.<\/p>

        Single crystallisation<\/strong>
        Single crystallization is an effective way to improve the compaction density and cycle performance of materials. Compared with common polycrystalline high nickel ternary materials, single crystal materials have smaller particle size, smooth surface, higher mechanical strength, and improved tap density and compaction density.<\/p>

        Generally, there is no particle breakage during the cycle process, and the cycle stability is better than that of polycrystalline materials. At the same time, single crystal materials have a smaller specific surface area, and the coating layer distribution is more uniform during coating modification.<\/p>

        Structural design<\/strong>
        The development of core-shell NCM materials has been a research hotspot in recent years. In the core-shell structure, the core is made of high nickel materials such as NCM811, which can provide high capacity. The nickel content of the shell part is low, which makes the surface properties of the material more stable. Therefore, the core-shell structure of NCM811 can improve its electrochemical performance.<\/p>

        Top 5 NCM811 High nickel ternary cathode material companies in China<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>

        Downstream application<\/h2>

        In terms of downstream applications, lithium batteries are mainly used in portable consumer electronics, new energy vehicles, large-scale energy storage equipment and other fields.<\/p>

        According to the data released by the Electronic Information Department, the national lithium-ion battery output in 2021 will be 324GWh, a year-on-year increase of 106%, of which consumption, power, and energy storage lithium battery output will be 72GWh, 220GWh, and 32GWh, respectively, an increase of 18%, 165%, and 146% year-on-year. %.<\/p>

        New energy vehicles<\/h4>

        On January 11, 2022, the Passenger Federation released the sales data of new energy passenger vehicles for the whole year of 2021. The total wholesale volume of new energy vehicles in the narrow sense in China reached 3.313 million units, a year-on-year increase of 181.0%; the total retail volume was 2.989 million units, a year-on-year increase of 169.1%.<\/p>

        \"Narrow-sense<\/p>

        Consumer electronics<\/h4>

        Consumer lithium-ion batteries started early in the lithium-ion battery industry and have always played an important role. In recent years, with the improvement of the national economic level and residents’ consumption capacity, my country’s demand for consumer electronic products has continued to expand, which has laid a solid application foundation for the development of the consumer lithium-ion battery industry. At present, my country’s consumer lithium-ion batteries are mainly used in the following fields:<\/p>

        Laptop<\/strong>
        According to a research report released by market research firm Strategy Analytics., after reaching a high point in 2020, global notebook computer shipments will increase by 19% year-on-year in 2021 to a record 268 million units.<\/p>

        Tablet<\/strong>
        According to the latest quarterly tablet tracker report released by IDC, in the fourth quarter of 2021, China’s tablet market shipments were about 7.42 million units, a year-on-year increase of 20.9%. In 2021, China’s tablet PC market shipments will be about 28.46 million units, a year-on-year increase of 21.8%, the highest growth rate in the past seven years.<\/p>

        \"Tablet<\/p>

        Smart phone<\/strong>
        According to statistics from the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, in 2021, the cumulative shipments of 5G mobile phones in the China market will be 351 million units, a year-on-year increase of 13.9; of which, 5G mobile phone shipments will be 266 million units, accounting for 75.9% of mobile phone shipments in the same period.<\/p>

        \"Domestic<\/p>

        Drone<\/strong>
        In the global market, drones are gradually penetrating from a consumer product to applications in all walks of life, and the market size is steadily expanding. In 2020, the global drone market size will be approximately US$22.5 billion, and the market size will reach US$25.6 billion in 2021.<\/p>

        Bluetooth earphone<\/strong>
        IDC data shows that my country’s smart headset shipments have risen sharply from 2016 to 2021. In 2021, smart headset shipments will reach 130 million units, which has more than doubled compared to 2018.<\/p>

        Wearable device<\/strong>
        The number of wearable device shipments in China is increasing year by year. According to IDC data, China’s wearable device shipments will increase from 38.76 million units in 2016 to 107.39 million units in 2020, with an average annual compound growth rate of 29.02% until 2021. In the third quarter of this year, China’s wearable device shipments reached 98.71 million units.<\/p>

        \"Trend<\/p>

        Energy storage field<\/h4>

        In the “Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Development of New Energy Storage (Draft for Comment)” issued in April 2021, it is proposed that by 2025, the installed scale of new energy storage in my country should reach more than 30GW.<\/p>

        However, according to statistics, only Qinghai, Shandong, Hunan, Zhejiang, Inner Mongolia and China Southern Power Grid’s “14th Five-Year” energy storage plan has reached 39GW, which is already higher than the national target of 30GW.<\/p>

        It is predicted that in 2025, the scale of China’s energy storage market will reach 35.5GW under conservative scenarios and 55.9GW under ideal scenarios. This means that from 2022 to 2025, energy storage will maintain a compound annual growth rate of more than 72% and continue to grow rapidly.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Panorama of NCM811 high nickel ternary cathode material industry chain Upstream raw materials Lithium source Precursor Additive Midstream production Material production Material modification Downstream application New energy vehicles Consumer electronics Energy storage field As the demand for power batteries continues to increase, there are also new requirements for the energy density of batteries. The development […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":37348,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[210,1,188],"tags":[7,117,130,153],"class_list":["post-37343","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-battery-industry","category-battery-materials","category-battery-news","tag-battery","tag-battery-cell","tag-lithium-battery","tag-lithium-ion-battery"],"modified_by":"tycorun666","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37343","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37343"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37343\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37348"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37343"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37343"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37343"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}