{"id":114321,"date":"2023-10-07T09:38:47","date_gmt":"2023-10-07T09:38:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/?p=114321"},"modified":"2023-10-21T06:15:36","modified_gmt":"2023-10-21T06:15:36","slug":"lithium-precipitation-and-sei-on-battery-capacity-degradation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/fr\/lithium-precipitation-and-sei-on-battery-capacity-degradation\/","title":{"rendered":"Influence de la pr\u00e9cipitation du lithium et du film SEI sur la d\u00e9gradation de la capacit\u00e9 des piles au lithium"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"114321\" class=\"elementor elementor-114321\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-69b7e385 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"69b7e385\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7bf11748\" data-id=\"7bf11748\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-baf4e96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"baf4e96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The influence of lithium precipitation and SEI film on lithium battery capacity degradation<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9575e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"9575e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45512054 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"45512054\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"padding-left: 2.2em;padding-right: 2.2em;line-height: 40px\">There are many factors that affect the aging and capacity degradation of lithium-ion batteries. This article mainly introduces the effects of SEI film growth and lithium precipitation on the capacity degradation of lithium batteries, and summarizes the research progress of researchers in various fields in battery aging mechanisms in recent years.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eee9fa4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"eee9fa4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6821a5 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"5d6821a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:&quot;.paichu_post&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__5d6821a5\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__5d6821a5\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__5d6821a5\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53a613b0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"53a613b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24d43959 uael-aspect-ratio-16_9 uael-youtube-subscribe-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-uael-video\" data-id=\"24d43959\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"uael-video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-video__outer-wrap  uael-video-type-youtube\" data-device=\"false\" data-vsticky=\"no\" data-hidedesktop=\"\" data-hidetablet=\"\" data-hidemobile=\"\" data-vsticky-viewport=\"0\" data-autoplay=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-video-inner-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-video__play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XLnBg25JoHg?rel=0&amp;start&amp;end&amp;controls=1&amp;mute=0&amp;modestbranding=0&amp;autoplay=1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"uael-video__thumb\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/XLnBg25JoHg\/maxresdefault.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/img>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-video__play-icon uael-animation-\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg height=\"100%\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 68 48\" width=\"100%\"><path class=\"uael-youtube-icon-bg\" d=\"m .66,37.62 c 0,0 .66,4.70 2.70,6.77 2.58,2.71 5.98,2.63 7.49,2.91 5.43,.52 23.10,.68 23.12,.68 .00,-1.3e-5 14.29,-0.02 23.81,-0.71 1.32,-0.15 4.22,-0.17 6.81,-2.89 2.03,-2.07 2.70,-6.77 2.70,-6.77 0,0 .67,-5.52 .67,-11.04 l 0,-5.17 c 0,-5.52 -0.67,-11.04 -0.67,-11.04 0,0 -0.66,-4.70 -2.70,-6.77 C 62.03,.86 59.13,.84 57.80,.69 48.28,0 34.00,0 34.00,0 33.97,0 19.69,0 10.18,.69 8.85,.84 5.95,.86 3.36,3.58 1.32,5.65 .66,10.35 .66,10.35 c 0,0 -0.55,4.50 -0.66,9.45 l 0,8.36 c .10,4.94 .66,9.45 .66,9.45 z\" fill=\"#1f1f1e\"><\/path><path d=\"m 26.96,13.67 18.37,9.62 -18.37,9.55 -0.00,-19.17 z\" fill=\"#fff\"><\/path><path d=\"M 45.02,23.46 45.32,23.28 26.96,13.67 43.32,24.34 45.02,23.46 z\" fill=\"#ccc\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e6428f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6e6428f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f3abf1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f3abf1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"padding-left: 2.2em;padding-right: 2.2em;line-height: 40px\"><h2 id=\"causes-of-lithium-ion-battery-aging\">Causes of lithium-ion battery aging<\/h2><p>The aging process of lithium-ion batteries is affected by many factors such as the way they are assembled as <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;color: #333399\"><a style=\"color: #333399;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/power-wheels-battery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">power wheels battery<\/a><\/span>, ambient temperature, charge and discharge rates, and depth of discharge. Capacity and performance decline are usually the result of a variety of side reaction processes, and are related to many physical and chemical mechanisms, and its attenuation mechanism and aging form are very complex.<\/p><p>The figure below shows a comprehensive mechanism analysis of lithium-ion battery aging. During the actual aging process of lithium-ion batteries, different side reactions or phase change processes will occur in each component of the lithium-ion battery, and various processes have different effects on capacity degradation.<\/p><p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-114325\" src=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Mechanism-of-lithium-ion-battery-aging.webp\" alt=\"Mechanism-of-lithium-ion-battery-aging\" width=\"1200\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Mechanism-of-lithium-ion-battery-aging.webp 1200w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Mechanism-of-lithium-ion-battery-aging-300x150.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Mechanism-of-lithium-ion-battery-aging-1024x512.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Mechanism-of-lithium-ion-battery-aging-768x384.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Mechanism-of-lithium-ion-battery-aging-600x300.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p><p>Based on global research progress in recent years, currently the main factors affecting the capacity degradation include: SEI film growth, electrolyte decomposition, battery self-discharging, electrode active material loss, current collector corrosion, etc.<\/p><p>In the actual aging process of lithium-ion batteries, various side reactions occur simultaneously with electrode reactions, and various aging mechanisms work together and couple with each other, making it more difficult to study the aging mechanism.<\/p><h2 id=\"influence-of-lithium-battery-aging\">Influence of lithium battery aging<\/h2><p>The aging of lithium-ion batteries has a profound impact on the overall performance of the battery, which is mainly reflected in the decline in charge and discharge performance, available capacity attenuation, and thermal stability.<\/p><p>The main external characteristics of lithium-ion batteries after aging are the decrease in available capacity and the increase in battery internal resistance, which in turn leads to a decrease in the actual charge and discharge capacity and maximum available charge and discharge power even for the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;color: #333399\"><a style=\"color: #333399;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/which-rechargeable-aa-batteries-should-i-choose\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">best rechargeable batteries<\/a><\/span>.<\/p><p>At the same time, due to the increase in internal resistance of lithium-ion batteries, problems such as increased heat generation, temperature rise within the module, and increased temperature inconsistency have increased the requirements for the thermal management system of lithium-ion batteries.<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-114330\" src=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Influence-of-lithium-battery-aging.webp\" alt=\"Influence-of-lithium-battery-aging\" width=\"1200\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Influence-of-lithium-battery-aging.webp 1200w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Influence-of-lithium-battery-aging-300x150.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Influence-of-lithium-battery-aging-1024x512.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Influence-of-lithium-battery-aging-768x384.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Influence-of-lithium-battery-aging-600x300.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p><p>Side reactions within lithium-ion batteries are caused by the battery grouping method and connection structure, which leads to the differences in the usage conditions of the cells. As the battery is used, the aging speed of each cell in the battery is different, exacerbating the inconsistency of the lithium-ion battery pack.<\/p><p>The open circuit voltage curve of a lithium-ion battery represents the current internal electromotive force of the lithium-ion battery. As the lithium-ion battery ages, the open circuit voltage curve will shift or deform to a certain extent relative to the original state, causing the actual charge and discharge voltage curve of the lithium-ion battery to change, affecting the battery management system during actual use.<\/p><p>As the lithium-ion battery ages, the maximum charge-discharge rate available for the lithium-ion battery will also decrease. If the battery management system does not make adaptive adjustments, it is easy for the lithium-ion battery to be overcharged, overdischarged, and over-powered, increasing the safety risks of using lithium-ion battery.<\/p><h2 id=\"influence-of-lithium-precipitation-on-battery-capacity-degradation\">Influence of lithium precipitation on battery capacity degradation<\/h2><p>The figure below shows the loss of active lithium ions caused by lithium precipitation in the anode. lithium precipitation refers to the process of lithium precipitation from the electrolyte to the electrode surface.<\/p><p>Lithium precipitation on the surface of the anode is an important cause of aging of lithium-ion batteries and an important factor affecting battery safety. When the anode potential exceeds the threshold of 0V (relative to Li\/Li+), lithium precipitation will occur on the anode surface.<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-114326\" src=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Loss-of-active-lithium-ions-caused-by-lithium-precipitation-in-the-anode.webp\" alt=\"Loss-of-active-lithium-ions-caused-by-lithium-precipitation-in-the-anode\" width=\"1200\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Loss-of-active-lithium-ions-caused-by-lithium-precipitation-in-the-anode.webp 1200w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Loss-of-active-lithium-ions-caused-by-lithium-precipitation-in-the-anode-300x150.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Loss-of-active-lithium-ions-caused-by-lithium-precipitation-in-the-anode-1024x512.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Loss-of-active-lithium-ions-caused-by-lithium-precipitation-in-the-anode-768x384.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Loss-of-active-lithium-ions-caused-by-lithium-precipitation-in-the-anode-600x300.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/>Lithium precipitation will lead to irreversible loss of lithium ion stock, resulting in a reduction in available capacity, and the growth of lithium dendrites will lead to the loss of active lithium ions, as shown in the figure below.<\/p><p>There are many factors that affect lithium precipitation in batteries. Some researchers believe that the rate at which lithium ions are embedded in the graphite anode is too slow or the rate at which lithium ions are transferred to the anode is too fast, which may cause lithium precipitation.<\/p><p>Other studies have shown that the diffusion rate of lithium ions will slow down when working under low temperature conditions, and the working potential of the anode is very close to the lithium precipitation potential, making it easier to cause lithium precipitation.<\/p><p>In addition, if N\/P (the ratio of the capacity of the anode sheet to the capacity of the cathode sheet) is too small, it may also lead to lithium precipitation.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_114327\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-114327\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-114327\" src=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/The-growth-of-lithium-dendrites-results-in-the-loss-of-active-lithium-ions.webp\" alt=\"The-growth-of-lithium-dendrites-results-in-the-loss-of-active-lithium-ions\" width=\"1000\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/The-growth-of-lithium-dendrites-results-in-the-loss-of-active-lithium-ions.webp 1000w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/The-growth-of-lithium-dendrites-results-in-the-loss-of-active-lithium-ions-300x180.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/The-growth-of-lithium-dendrites-results-in-the-loss-of-active-lithium-ions-768x461.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/The-growth-of-lithium-dendrites-results-in-the-loss-of-active-lithium-ions-600x360.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-114327\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The growth of lithium dendrites results in the loss of active lithium ions<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Lithium precipitation is closely related to the battery aging. Some researchers believe that electrode lithium precipitation is more likely to occur in batteries with internal defects.<\/p><p>Some studies and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;color: #333399\"><a style=\"color: #333399;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/how-to-test-a-battery-all-about-lithium-battery-test\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">battery test<\/a><\/span> have also found that battery lithium precipitation will accelerate in the later stages of aging, thus becoming one of the main reasons for the inflection point of battery capacity.<\/p><p>The reason is that as the battery ages, the SEI generation causes the porosity of the anode to decrease, and the gradient of the electrolyte potential at the anode increases. Therefore, the anode potential decreases during the charging process, and it is easier to drop below 0V and lithium precipitation occurs.<\/p><p>The process of lithium precipitation will lead to the decrease of the porosity of the anode and the increase of the electrolyte potential gradient, which will accelerate the aging of the battery.<\/p><p>When the battery is in the discharge state, the lithium on the dendrites may dissolve out, but this part of the substance cannot get electrons because it is not in contact with the collector fluid, and cannot participate in the electrode reaction during the charge and discharge process, forming dead lithium. Lithium deposition leads to the loss of active lithium ions as shown in the figure below.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_114328\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-114328\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-114328\" src=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Lithium-deposition-results-in-loss-of-active-lithium-ions.webp\" alt=\"Lithium-deposition-results-in-loss-of-active-lithium-ions\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Lithium-deposition-results-in-loss-of-active-lithium-ions.webp 1000w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Lithium-deposition-results-in-loss-of-active-lithium-ions-300x240.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Lithium-deposition-results-in-loss-of-active-lithium-ions-768x614.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Lithium-deposition-results-in-loss-of-active-lithium-ions-600x480.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-114328\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lithium deposition results in loss of active lithium ions<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2 id=\"influence-of-sei-film-growth-on-capacity-degradation\">Influence of SEI film growth on capacity degradation<\/h2><p>The SEI film is a passivation film formed on the surface of the anode of the lithium-ion battery, which has ion conductivity and prevents the passage of electrons, separating the electrolyte from the anode. SEI film growth is the main side reaction of lithium-ion battery at the anode\/electrolyte interface, which leads to irreversible capacity loss.<\/p><p>Battery power, life and safety characteristics are closely related to SEI film. Under normal conditions of use, SEI film is the main factor that causes the loss of active lithium in batteries.<\/p><p>The SEI film is mainly composed of inorganic substances such as Li2CO3, LiF, Li2O and organic substances such as ROCO2Li, ROLi, RCOO2Li (R is an organic group). For some batteries, the thickness of the SEI film can reach more than 100nm.<\/p><p>The charge and discharge process of lithium-ion battery is accompanied by the repeated release and insertion of lithium ions between cathode and anode. During charging with <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;color: #333399\"><a style=\"color: #333399;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/best-guide-for-choosing-a-perfect-lithium-battery-charger\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">battery charger<\/a><\/span>, the active lithium ions in the cathode material will pass through the diaphragm to the anode surface, and the semi-battery reaction will be embedded in the anode material.<\/p><p>Since the working potential of the anode surface of the lithium ion battery is generally lower than the thermodynamically stable potential window of the electrolyte.<\/p><p>Once the lithium ion, the electrolyte and the electrons on the anode surface contact, the possibility of the electrolyte will be reduced, coupled with the complex reaction between various substances near the anode, resulting in the formation of SEI film on the cathode surface, resulting in the loss of the active material of the lithium ion battery.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-114329\" src=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Influence-of-SEI-film-growth-on-capacity-degradation.webp\" alt=\"Influence-of-SEI-film-growth-on-capacity-degradation\" width=\"1200\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Influence-of-SEI-film-growth-on-capacity-degradation.webp 1200w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Influence-of-SEI-film-growth-on-capacity-degradation-300x150.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Influence-of-SEI-film-growth-on-capacity-degradation-1024x512.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Influence-of-SEI-film-growth-on-capacity-degradation-768x384.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Influence-of-SEI-film-growth-on-capacity-degradation-600x300.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p><p>SEI film formation is also one of the main causes of calendar aging at higher temperatures and higher state of charge (SOC). Compared with new batteries and SEI films generated under normal temperature cycles, SEI films generated at higher temperatures have better thermal stability and higher density than SEI films generated at lower temperatures, which can slow down the aging of batteries.<\/p><p>Although the growth of the anode SEI film will have a negative impact on the capacity and internal resistance of the lithium-ion battery, a stable SEI film can improve the interface properties of the electrode material and help improve the battery cycleability.<\/p><p>Some researchers also believe that the double-layer structure formed by the dense inner layer (initial SEI film) and the porous outer layer (long-term growth layer) of the SEI film can better explain the impact of the SEI film on battery characteristics.<\/p><p>Although the composition of the SEI film is still difficult to accurately analyze, the growth, rupture, and regeneration process of the SEI film are considered to be inseparable from the battery capacity degradation process.<\/p><p>The SEI membrane is produced when it is first formed. At this time, the SEI membrane is loose and porous. The electrolyte penetrates through the pores on the membrane surface and decomposes when in contact with the electrode. The product fills the pores, causing the SEI membrane to become dense.<\/p><p>However, during the long-term use cycle of the battery, the electrode material itself also undergoes expansion, rupture and other phenomena, causing the SEI mold on the surface to bear stress and become thinner, causing the SEI film to continue to grow during the cycle.<\/p><p>However, the SEI film will also be damaged during the rapid discharge process. During this process, the volume of the electrode shrinks rapidly, and the SEI film undergoes large stress and ruptures, causing the failure of the SEI film. The ruptured SEI film is gradually repaired in the subsequent cycles. However, partial ruptures will cause the overall structure of the SEI film to be irregular, causing <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;color: #333399\"><a style=\"color: #333399;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/is-a-swollen-battery-dangerous-the-complete-guide-to-dealing-with-a-swollen-battery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">swollen battery<\/a><\/span> in severe cases.<\/p><p>The current density near the growth part is larger, forming a positive feedback that accelerates the growth of the SEI film in this part, resulting in partial abnormal aging and gradually causing the overall capacity decline of the battery.<\/p><p>Reasonable formation technology will improve the density of the SEI film and slow down the aging process. At the same time, low temperature environments are also conducive to the formation of dense SEI films, thereby extending the battery life.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5f13a055 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5f13a055\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-418a3834\" data-id=\"418a3834\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4c2521 elementor-author-box--link-yes elementor-author-box--avatar-yes elementor-author-box--name-yes elementor-author-box--biography-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-author-box\" data-id=\"b4c2521\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"author-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-author-box\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div  class=\"elementor-author-box__avatar\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cropped-avatar-2-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Image de Hailey\" loading=\"lazy\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-author-box__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-author-box__name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHailey\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-author-box__bio\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHi, I am Hailey, Since I graduated with my master's degree in physics, l have dedicated myself to lithium battery industry and worked with lithium battery engineers to complete various lithium battery design and manufacturing projects. Based on the electric knowledge as a lithium battery engineer for more than 4 years, I am now mainly responsible for writing content about lithium battery and I would like to share my views with you.\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-author-box__button elementor-button elementor-size-xs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/fr\/author\/hailey\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tAll Posts\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f971d87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2f971d87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3023c584 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wp-image-28907\" alt=\"Top 10 lithium ion battery manufacturers in China\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Top-10-lithium-ion-battery-manufacturers-in-China-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Top-10-lithium-ion-battery-manufacturers-in-China-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Top-10-lithium-ion-battery-manufacturers-in-China-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Top-10-lithium-ion-battery-manufacturers-in-China.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.takomabattery.com\/fr\/top-10-lithium-ion-battery-manufacturers-in-china\/\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t\tTop 10 lithium ion battery manufacturers in China\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\tnovembre 24, 2021\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cet article pr\u00e9sente principalement les effets de la croissance du film SEI et de la pr\u00e9cipitation du lithium sur la d\u00e9gradation de la capacit\u00e9 des batteries au lithium et r\u00e9sume les progr\u00e8s r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par les chercheurs au cours des derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":114322,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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