HIGH CURRENT BATTERY

Detailed explanation of high current battery

Understanding the power of a battery is important to determine the appropriate use of that battery and the rate and flow of current is one of the most important power factors that need to be considered. A high current battery is ideal for most usage and applications but needs to be fully understood to ensure appropriate usage practices. 

In this article, we’ll be breaking down how to know a high current battery, how and why to use it, and its proper applications with any device.

Table of Contents
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What is a high current

Current itself refers to the flow of electrons and electricity through a conductor with respect to resistance. So, a high current is an increased flow of electricity through a conductor with the least amount of resistance to facilitate the flow. The water analogy best explains current flow, so if water passes through a 2-inch hose with a length of 1 meter, the rate of flow of water through the hose is current.

So if the hose is replaced with a 5-inch hose of the same 1-meter length, the flow of water will increase because there is more space to move and less resistance. This increase in the flow of water can be likened to a high current in a battery. Current flow is generally measured in amps or milliamps and the rate of flow of current or electricity with time is measured in amps-hours. So for a high current battery, it would generally have a high amp-hour rating as more electricity would flow out of the battery per hour.

What determines the current of a battery

The flow of current from within a battery is determined by the device or equipment it is connected to. An idle battery that isn’t connected to a device actively pulling electricity, has voltage but no current. This is because there needs to be an active energy draw before current can be determined, so even a high current battery has no current if it isn’t actively supplying electricity. Generally speaking, the current of the battery is determined by the voltage of the battery and the total resistance on the circuit. The output current of the battery is determined by the power supply (battery) and the load, that is: I=U/R.

What determines the current of a battery

All battery cells supply energy by producing Direct Current or DC. This is because all batteries have a standard positive and negative terminal which doesn’t change or alternate and hence can not produce Alternating Current(AC). As current always flows in the same direction between the positive and negative terminals of a battery, hence it will always produce Direct Current(DC).

What is the maximum current from a battery

Under normal circumstances, the odm lithium ion battery pack manufacturer will give the battery’s maximum discharge current and maximum allowable charging current. The maximum current refers to a limit value of the current that can be tolerated without affecting the safety of the equipment. Generally, it is only allowed to appear for a short time, otherwise the equipment will be damaged.

The current from a battery is associated with the capacity and discharge rate of the battery. In terms of batteries, the discharge rate is denoted by C, where C is a result of dividing the capacity by the hours needed. So in essence, for a regular 2Ah high current battery, the C rating is 2A and the maximum current that can be supplied is 2 amps for 1 hour and 4 amps for 30 minutes, and so on.

Do batteries in parallel increase current

Batteries arranged in either parallel or series will determine which electrical unit will increase either voltage or current. In the case of arranging a battery in parallel, this is done by connecting all the positive terminals of each cell and all the negative terminals of each cell. This will cause an increase in electron transfer in the circuit per second as each cell is added, causing a corresponding increase in the flow of current. Hence, in order to produce a high current battery, each cell needs to be arranged in parallel to increase electron transfer and current flow.

Do batteries in parallel increase current

What happens to voltage when current is increased

The voltage and current of a battery are related and function proportional to each other. According to Ohm’s law, the voltage of a circuit is proportional to the electrical current flowing through it which is inversely proportional to the level of resistance. Therefore, if there is an increase in voltage, the current will increase as long as there is no change in the resistance of the circuit. So for a high current battery, there will be high voltage as well provided there is no increase in resistance.

What is the purpose of using a high current battery

Using a high current battery is always a great idea when you need a fast energy supply in the case of charging a device or equipment. The high current supply will ensure high energy density and fast power supply which reduce the overall time frame needed to charge the device.

But always ensure that the device to be powered is rated to accept such high current to avoid damage to the device or charger in use. For example, 10~65C high-rate batteries are used in: models (cars, boats) ,toys, plant protection drones, car starting power, motorcycle battery starting power, and some military power sources;

What is the purpose of using a high current battery

What happens if the current is too high

Although a high current battery is ideal for a fast and efficient power supply, too much current supply may cause damage to the circuit. When using a high current battery with a circuit rated for a lower current draw and lower capacity, this may result in damage to one or more components of the circuit which may include;

  • Damage to the resistor or capacitor within the device or equipment.
  • Damage to fuse which may likely cause a short circuit.
  • High temperature or overheating in one or more components with the wires usually overheating and melting the insulators.

Does high current battery mean low voltage

Under the condition of constant resistance, when the power is constant, P=UI, the larger the voltage, the smaller the current, and the smaller the voltage, the larger the current. For example, when the resistance of a transformer circuit is constant, U=IR, the smaller the voltage, the smaller the current, and the larger the voltage, the greater the current, such as a general series-parallel circuit.

As we’ve discussed, the current supply/flow within a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage within the same circuit, all of which are inversely proportional to the resistance supplied by the external circuit. What this all means is, if there is an increase in current supply, there will also be an increase in voltage, provided there is no increase or change in resistance. So a high current battery will have a high voltage with steady or low resistance.

Is high voltage or high current better

An increase in voltage and an increase in current are all dependent on the receiving circuit or device’s capacity or ability to handle said increase. Nonetheless, using a high voltage battery is recommended and more efficient than using a higher current. This is because the wires and components in the receiving device may be less prone to handling high currents, hence resulting in damage.

Is high voltage or high current better

Can you charge a battery with higher current

Indeed, you can charge a high current battery with a high current provided the voltage is maintained on par with the battery and above overcharging. We do not recommend the use of high current charging, which may aggravate the thermal effect, and the high temperature of the battery is a major factor leading to the capacity degradation of the lithium battery.

It is best to use a lithium battery charger for lithium batteries. When there is no electricity, it will be charged with constant current first. This current is determined by the charger. When the power is charged to a certain voltage, the charger is changed to constant voltage charging, that is, trickle charging. This current is determined by the internal resistance of the battery at that time. No matter what kind of charger, the current when charging is related to the power of the battery itself.

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