The damage caused by overcharging battery and how to prevent it
Everything we use in our life has limitations and benefits. The lithium-ion battery is one of the best rechargeable batteries on the market today. It offers high energy density, low self-discharge and improved cycling characteristics over other batteries.
However, like other types of batteries, lithium ion batteries also have their limitations that overcharging battery can also occur in lithium ion batteries under some conditions and shortening their lifespan.
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If you own a lithium ion battery powered device, then it is very important to know how to properly charge that device. The correct charging method can not only effectively avoid overcharging battery, but also ensure the health of lithium battery and prolong its life. In this article, we will discuss the damage caused by overcharging and how to prevent it.
What happens when a battery is overcharged
It is known that overcharging battery can cause the battery to swell, making it difficult to insert or remove from the device. When overcharging battery, bulging batteries are inherently risky. It is not recommended to continue using them when overcharging battery. They should be replaced immediately.
Moreover, overcharging battery also damages the internal components of the battery, which can lead to permanent damage and shortened lifespan. If a battery has been charged for long periods of time, this too will shorten its lifetime if there are any other problems with how well the battery performs as part of its job (such as whether or not it can hold enough power).
The behavior of overcharging battery like lithium-ion batteries can cause different sought of problems like:
● First, overcharging battery like lithium-ion batteries can be dangerous.
● Second, overcharging battery can damage the battery, causing it to swell or deform and possibly explode.
● Third, If overcharging battery is not corrected, the lifespan of your lithium ion battery will be shortened.
What chemical reaction will occur when the battery is overcharged
If overcharging battery and the battery continues to be charged when it is full, the structure of the positive electrode material will change, causing capacity loss. However, when overcharging battery, the decomposition and oxygen release of the lithium battery and the electrolyte will have a violent chemical reaction, and the worst result will naturally be explosion.
If people choose a lithium battery from a professional manufacturer, it will be equipped with BMS. The BMS of professional battery factory adopts intelligent high-end imported chip BMS system, which can monitor the battery status in real time and provide multi-level warning to decrease the damage caused by overcharging battery.
To be specific, the BMS can ensure that the voltage of the lithium battery does not exceed the charging cut-off voltage. If overcharging battery occurs, the BMS will immediately cut off the power supply and stop charging to avoid damage to the battery life.
What are the symptoms of a battery that is being overcharged
Overheating is one of the most common problems that can occur when overcharging battery. Due to overheating battery, all the cells will lose their charge quickly and stop working. Because of this, people may have to replace their battery at a very high cost.
The overheating may also occur due to the improper charging method or using a wrong battery charger for the device. Moreover, the symptoms of overcharging battery are: malfunctioning of electronics, damaged central processor unit and failure of voltage regulation.
Why is there a charging cutoff voltage or current
The cutoff voltage or current is a fixed specification parameter. If overcharging battery beyond that limit, it can cause serious problem to the battery. The most common cutoff voltage for a lithium ion battery is 4.2 volts per cell.
To determine whether or not people have overcharging battery like lithium ion battery, we need to simply check whether the voltage of the battery pack exceeds the charging cut-off voltage. Unless the function of the bms is advanced and intelligent, it can display the voltage and soc of each cell.
Can a battery explode if overcharged
If the battery is allowed to charge past charging cutoff voltage, it can become damaged or may even explode. This is known as overcharging battery and it happens when a chemical reaction occurs between the cathode and anode electrodes on each cell of the battery.
Moreover, overcharging battery can cause lithium dendrites (small needles) to grow inside the battery and pierce through the separator plate which leads from one side of an internal short circuit that may causes an explosion.
Can overcharging lithium ion battery cause overheating
Overheating of lithium-ion batteries is a common occurrence caused by overcharging battery. It can happen when the battery becomes too hot and sometimes explode, or if people don’t charge it properly.
Fortunately, all lithium-ion batteries are equipped with a battery management system, which can prevent overcharging battery, and automatically cut off the power supply in abnormal situations such as overheating and short circuit, to ensure safety. Following these tips to prevent overheating:
● The temperature of charging lithium ion battery shall be above 0 ℃ and do not keep the battery charged overnight or do not overcharging battery.
● Don’t charge the battery all day long. When charging the lithium-ion battery, we need to use a charger dedicated to the lithium-ion battery, and pay attention to matching the battery specifications.
Is there a temperature requirement for battery charging
Temperature requirement is important to decrease the risk of overcharging battery. There is a temperature requirement for any kind of battery charging specifically lithium-ion batteries. From 5°C to 45°C (41 to 113°F), lithium batteries can be charged at the optimum temperature, which helps slow down capacity decay. Besides, it is not allowed to charge batteries below absolute zero.
How to check your battery charge level and troubleshoot issues
To avoid overcharging battery, it is necessary to know how to check the battery charge. In order to check the battery charge level, a charger can be connected in order to show the level of charge. Additionally, the trouble shoot can be minimized by:
● Checking the connections.
● Checking the power source (battery)
How do I stop my battery from overcharging
For overcharging battery can cause damage to both the battery and the device or equipment, it’s important to know how to avoid this problem. In addition to charge the battery within the limits of the cutoff, we can also use an automatic charger in order to charge the battery and then stop when the battery is fully charged.
Can BMS prevent overcharging-what is the function of BMS
BMS is important to decrease the damage caused by overcharging battery. It is a safety circuit that monitors the voltage and current of the battery pack. If it detects that the voltage or current is getting too high, it shuts off power to the battery until it drops down again. This prevents overcharging battery, which can damage both the device and its battery.
What’s the best way to charge battery
Avoid overnight charging and full cycles is a good way to avoid overcharging battery. For lithium-ion batteries, since there is no memory effect, they can be used as soon as they are charged. Partial charging can effectively bring the cycle performance of lithium batteries to an ideal level. It is best for the battery to stop charging around 80–90% rather than topping it out to 100% or even overcharging battery.
For lithium ion battery, keep the charge between 20%-80% is better. When using rapid charging technologies, it needs to wait for the battery to cool down after charging and only use it occasionally. This can prevent a lithium-ion battery from damage or overcharging battery.
FAQs about battery charging
In multi-meter there is an option of voltage measurement, which can be used to determine the voltage and avoid overcharging battery. For lithium ion battery, the discharge cut-off voltage of a single cell is 2v, the charging cut-off voltage is 3.65v, and the full charge voltage is 14.6v. Therefore, the normal voltage should be between 8-14.6v. It is not normal if the voltage is higher or lower than this range, which may cause overcharging battery.
A 10 ampere charger will charge the battery far faster than a 2 ampere charger. It is necessary to choose a charger that matches the battery specification to avoid overcharging battery. For example, if the current of a cell is only 2A, a 10 amps charger is not suitable.
