Large capacity trend of energy storage battery cell--from 285Ah to 3000Ah

Large capacity trend of energy storage battery cell-from 285Ah to 3000Ah

Currently, low-cost, high-capacity battery cells for storage energy are being upgraded.

The industry generally believes that the stacking process can better exploit the advantages of large cells, and its safety, energy density, and process control all occupy advantages over coiling.

 
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According to the study, the stacked-type battery has the advantages of a higher volume energy density ceiling, a more stable internal structure and a longer cycle life, in theory.

2022H1 square stacked-type battery has shipped more than 3GWh in the power storage market, with an overall penetration rate of about 7%, which is widely used in home energy storage, commercial and industrial power storage and source network side storage energy  projects.

Large capacity cells have become the mainstream of energy storage

At present, the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery material system is the main one. With the highest cost share in the industry chain, the growth rate of LFP energy storage battery revenues accelerated.

Energy storage batteries are also continuing to evolve in the direction of high capacity. The current electrochemical power storage, especially lithium battery storage energy  technology, has entered a new cycle of change.

Large-capacity cells, high voltage battery, water-cooled or liquid-cooled and other new products and technologies have gradually come to the scene.

Large capacity cell becomes the mainstream of energy storage

The advantages of large-capacity cells

Large-capacity cells can become the mainstream of storage energy, mainly because of its obvious advantages in the field of centralized energy storage.

● Large-capacity cells use fewer components at the end of the package, with greater space for cost reduction and higher volumetric energy density.

● Higher capacity is easier to obtain with large cells at the same system voltage.

● The reduction of series and parallel cells, the accuracy of BMS data collection and monitoring is improved, and safety is guaranteed.

● High simplicity of assembly process in the field of back-end integration by using large-capacity cells, which can save cost investment in land infrastructure and containers.

lithium ion battery cell 3.2v 280ah lifepo4 prismatic cell

Click on the picture for product details of large capacity cell and its best price

Based on the above advantages, large-capacity cells(above 200Ah) have become the mainstream cell choice for centralized and commercial and industrial user-side energy storage systems in China.

Taking 280Ah as an example, as of 2022H1, 280Ah has reached more than 60% penetration rate in China’s commercial and industrial side, and the upward trend of capacity is obvious.

3000Ah high-capacity lithium iron phosphate battery

Over the past two years, the R&D team of China’s Shaanxi AOLBS Energy Co. has led the development of a new large battery dedicated to lithium iron phosphate energy storage and a supporting standard power storage cabinet.

This battery is 3000Ah, the world’s largest single battery currently, according to third-party projections cycle life of 11,000 times.

3000Ah energy storage battery

In addition, in the experiment, the battery was built into the thermal fire extinguishing tube, which inerted the electrolyte when the heat was out of control, so that the electrolyte did not burn after the heat was out of control, “it successfully and exclusively solved the safety problem of lithium iron phosphate battery”.

Compared with the primary manufacturing cost of the existing energy storage cabinet of the same capacity with 280Ah batteries, the primary manufacturing cost of the 1MWh standard energy storage cabinet equipped with this storage energy  battery is reduced by more than 18%, and the cost of energy storage in the whole life cycle is as low as 0.1 yuan.

The 3000Ah high-capacity lithium iron phosphate battery sent by AOLBS has been tested for 1000 cycles and has all the conditions to obtain a new national test report in China, which also marks the world’s largest lithium iron phosphate battery will soon be licensed for sale in China.

The stacking process stands out

Shipments of energy storage batteries have risen year after year, accelerating competition for battery manufacturing processes.

Globally, there are three main product lines for energy storage cells: soft pack, large cylindrical and square. You can read prismatic vs pouch cells to find their differences in detail.

In the short and medium term, the mainstream of the centralized energy storage cell program is still dominated by the square path. And the differences in the assembly process of square battery cells are mainly stacked-type cells and spirally wound batteries.

Although the spirally wound process has been developed for a long time, low cost, high efficiency and yield, and mature industry support is its core advantage, is the mainstream of large-capacity cells storage energy production in the cell manufacturing process.

It has been found that as cell capacity and size continue to increase, the disadvantages of traditional wind cells become more and more prominent.

For example, the bending of the coating material after bending of the spirally wound battery pole part deformation, easy to induce powder, burrs and other problems, increasing the risk of internal short circuit and thermal runaway battery.

As cell capacity continues to expand, battery spirally wound will rapidly increase battery supplier requirements limiting manufacturing, high capacity batteries and spirally wound process compatibility challenges will increase dramatically.

Lamination technology stands out

Along with the gradual heating of large-capacity cells, the stacking process is gradually showing its advantages. According to incomplete statistics, Ningde Time, BYD, Nandu Power, Paineng Technology and nearly 10 other battery companies use the stacking process.

The advantages of stacking process

Research and analysis show that the stacking process has greater advantages in the following three points.

● Cycle life:

The number of lugs of stacked-type cells is twice that of spirally wound cells, the increase in the number of lugs makes the electron transfer distance shorter, the resistance is 10%-15% lower than that of spirally wound cells, the heat production is smaller, the theoretical cycle life is longer, to meet the requirements of large-scale energy storage for high safety and ultra-long cycle life.

● Footprint of energy storage systems:

Stacked-type cells do not have C-angle problems in the process of encapsulating the poles, and can make full use of the corner space of the shell to enhance the volume and mass energy density, which is conducive to reducing the footprint of energy storage systems and civil construction expenditures.

● Capacity retention:

Each pole piece layer can keep the interface relatively flat in long-term battery recycling, avoiding uneven current distribution and other problems, and the retention capacity is better in the middle and late stages.

New generation of 375Ah high-capacity energy storage cell

On February 1st in 2023, China Haiji New Energy officially released a new generation of power storage batteries, relaunching the first 375Ah high-capacity energy storage cells and sodium ion batteries.

This large capacity  storage energy cell, 1.2KWh large capacity, super 10000 times long cycle, compatible with 0.5Cp and 1Cp working multiplier, effectively reduce the total cost.

The new generation of 375Ah high-capacity energy storage cell from Haiji New Energy abandons the traditional battery structure design and adopts a unique stacking and spirally wound process to enhance battery conduction and thermal conductivity; through intelligent lithium replenishment technology, it effectively extends the battery cycle life; through weighing and pairing technology, it solves the problem of absolute consistency of capacity.

large capacity energy storage cell

Future trend

Although the stacking process and the production process of high capacity batteries are a better match, there are still high equipment investment costs, low yields, lack of efficiency, process difficulties and other disadvantages, but with the maturity of the stacking process, stacking machine efficiency, stacked-type battery technology is expected to completely solve the problem of low efficiency, high cost.

In the near future, the laminating process may form a “complementary and competitive” situation with spirally wound cell technology.

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